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Vostok (sloop-of-war)
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{{Short description|Russian naval vessel (1818–1828)}} {{Other uses|Vostok (disambiguation)}} {|{{Infobox ship begin |display title=ital}} {{Infobox ship image |Ship image=RR5415-0010R.gif |Ship image size=270px |Ship caption=''Vostok'' and its captain, [[Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen]] on a commemorative coin of the [[Bank of Russia]], 1994 }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country=[[Russian Empire]] |Ship flag= |Ship name=''Vostok'' |Ship namesake=[[East]] |url= |accessdate= |Ship ordered= |Ship builder=*[[Okhta Admiralty]] shipyard, *[[Saint Petersburg]] |Ship original cost= |Ship laid down= |Ship launched=1818 |Ship sponsor= |Ship christened= |Ship maiden voyage= |Ship renamed= |Ship reclassified= |Ship homeport=[[Kronstadt]] |Ship nickname= |Ship fate=Broken up in 1828 }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship type=24-gun [[sloop-of-war]]<ref name=sailhistory/> |Ship tonnage= |Ship displacement=900 tonnes<ref name=sailhistory/> |Ship tons burthen= |Ship length={{convert|39.62|m|abbr=on|1}}<ref name=sailhistory/> |Ship beam={{convert|10.36|m|abbr=on|1}} <ref name=sailhistory/> |Ship height= |Ship draft= |Ship hold depth={{convert|4.8|m|abbr=on|1}}<ref name=sailhistory/> |Ship decks= |Ship sail plan=[[Full-rigged ship]] |Ship speed={{convert|10|kn|km/h|abbr=on|lk=in}}<ref name=sailhistory/> |Ship boats= |Ship complement=117<ref name=sailhistory/> |Ship armament=*16 × 127 mm pounder guns *12 × 120 mm [[carronade]]s<ref name=sailhistory/> }} |} '''''Vostok''''' was a 28-gun [[sloop-of-war]] of the [[Imperial Russian Navy]], the lead ship of the First Russian Antarctic Expedition in 1819–1821, during which [[Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen]] (commander of the ship) and [[Mikhail Lazarev]] (commanding ''[[Mirny (sloop-of-war)|Mirny]]'', the second ship) [[circumnavigation|circumnavigated]] the globe, discovered the continent of [[Antarctica]] and twice circumnavigated it, and discovered a number of islands and archipelagos in the [[Southern Ocean]] and the [[Pacific]].<ref name=sailhistory>[http://sailhistory.ru/index.php?option=content&id=199&task=view Шлюп "Восток"] (''tr. "Sloop "Vostok""'') at sailhistory.ru {{in lang|ru}}{{deadlink|date=September 2022}}</ref> == History == [[File:Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen.jpg|180px|thumb|left|Captain Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen with the Cross of the [[Order of St. Vladimir]]]] ''Vostok'' was launched in 1818 at [[Okhta Admiralty]] shipyard, [[Saint Petersburg]].<ref name=sailhistory/> On {{OldStyleDate|14 July|1819|3 July}} ''Vostok'' under the command of [[Commander]] Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, the leader of the expedition, alongside ''Mirny'' under the command of [[Lieutenant Commander]] Mikhail Lazarev left [[Kronstadt]] and on {{OldStyleDate|28 January|1820|16 January}} reached the shore of [[Antarctica]], which was sighted for the first time in history. After repair in [[Sydney]] in [[Australia]], the expedition explored the tropical parts of the Pacific, and on {{OldStyleDate|12 November|1820|31 October}} again turned to Antarctica. On {{OldStyleDate|22 January|1821|10 January}} the sloops reached the southernmost point of their voyage at 69° 53' S and 92° 19' W. On {{OldStyleDate|5 August|1821|24 July}} they returned to Kronstadt.<ref name=sailhistory/> In 751 days they covered 49,723 miles (circa 92,300 km). Apart from the discovery of the world's sixth continent, [[Antarctica]], 29 islands were mapped and complex oceanographic works carried out. A medal was issued by the [[Russian Admiralty]] to commemorate the expedition.<ref name=sailhistory/> In 1828 sloop ''Vostok'' was excluded from [[Imperial Russian Navy|navy lists]] and scrapped.<ref name=sailhistory/> == Named in honor == [[File:RR5318-0006R Первая русская антарктическая экспедиция.gif|thumb|180px|left|''Vostok'' (left) and ''[[Mirny (sloop-of-war)|Mirny]]'' (right) during the First Russian Antarctic Expedition on a coin of the [[Bank of Russia]]]] * [[Vostok Island]] in the [[Line Islands]] group ([[Polynesia]]), discovered by Bellingshausen during the First Russian Antarctic Expedition in 1820.<ref name=tattoo>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tattooarchive.com/tattoo_history/vostok.html |title=Tattoo Archive – Vostok |access-date=2012-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120122162838/http://www.tattooarchive.com/tattoo_history/vostok.html |archive-date=2012-01-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * [[Cape Vostok]], the western extremity of the [[Havre Mountains]] and the northwestern extremity of [[Alexander Island]] in Antarctic, discovered by Bellingshausen in 1821.<ref>[http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=129:3:1348295785774950::NO::P3_ANTAR_ID,P3_TITLE:16143%2CVostok%2C%20Cape Vostok, Cape] [[Geographic Names Information System]]{{deadlink|date=September 2022}}</ref> * [[List of geological features on Mercury|Vostok Rupes]], a mountain chain on planet [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]].<ref>[http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/SearchResults?target=MERCURY&featureType=Rupes%2C%20rup%C4%93s Batson R.M., Russell J.F. (1994), Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature, United States Geological Survey Bulletin 2129] planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov{{deadlink|date=September 2022}}</ref> * [[Vostok Station]], a Russian Antarctic research station located on the [[Pole of Cold]] amid the [[East Antarctic Ice Sheet]],<ref name=vokrugsveta/> established on 16 December 1957 (during the [[International Geophysical Year]]) by the [[2nd Soviet Antarctic Expedition]].<ref name=igsoc>[http://www.igsoc.org/annals/47/a47a012.pdf Deep drilling at Vostok station, Antarctica: history and recent events]{{deadlink|date=September 2022}}</ref> * [[Vostok Subglacial Highlands]], an east extension of [[Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains]] in Antarctica.<ref>[http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/antname.php?uni=16144&fid=antgeo_125 Vostok Subglacial Highlands: Antarctica] ''geographic.org'', accessed 23 September 2022</ref> * [[Vostok Lake]], the largest [[subglacial lake]] in the world is named after [[Vostok Station]].<ref name=vokrugsveta>[http://www.vokrugsveta.ru/telegraph/history/505/ Полвека в глубине Антарктиды] (''tr. "Half a century in the depths of Antarctica"'') [[Vokrug Sveta]] {{in lang|ru}}, accessed 23 September 2022</ref> The existence of a subglacial lake in the Vostok region was first suggested by Russian geographer [[Andrey Kapitsa]] based on seismic soundings made during the [[Soviet Antarctic Expedition]]s.<ref name=lenta-kapitsa>[http://lenta.ru/news/2011/08/03/kapitsa/ Скончался первооткрыватель озера Восток в Антарктиде] (''tr. "Discoverer of Lake Vostok in Antarctica dies"'') [[Lenta.ru]] {{in lang|ru}}, accessed 23 September 2022</ref> * [[Vostok 1]], the Soviet [[spacecraft]] which carried the first man into space, [[Yuri Gagarin]], on 12 April 1961.<ref name=tattoo/> == References == {{Reflist}} == Sources == * Морской энциклопедический словарь. Л.: Судостроение, 1991. {{ISBN|5-7355-0280-8}} {{in lang|ru}} * [http://hobbyport.ru/ships/vostok.htm Vostok, with model scheme] at hobbyport.ru {{in lang|ru}} ==External links== {{Polar exploration|state=collapsed}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Ships of the Imperial Russian Navy]] [[Category:Exploration ships]] [[Category:Sloops]] [[Category:1818 ships]] [[Category:19th century in Antarctica]]
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