Editing Varginha UFO incident

{{Short description|Purported UFO incident in Brazil in 1996}}
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[[File:Cxdagua varginha.jpg|thumb|The [[Nave Espacial de Varginha|spaceship-shaped water tower]] at the central park of Varginha City is a symbol of the UFO incident]]
The '''Varginha UFO incident''' involves a series of events in 1996 when residents of [[Varginha]], [[Brazil]] claimed seeing one or more strange creatures and at least one [[unidentified flying object]] (UFO). The reports garnered extensive media coverage. Other associated claims include the capture of one or more [[extraterrestrial life|extraterrestrial]] beings by the Brazilian authorities, animal fatalities at a zoo, and a woman impregnated by an extraterrestrial. An investigation by the Brazilian Army concluded that a city resident was mistaken for an alien creature and the movement of military personnel in the region was routine.

==Overview==
According to media reports, a creature was sighted on the afternoon of 20 January 1996, by three women ranging from 14 to 22 years old. The women described the creature as a large headed biped with "spots like veins on the skin and some bumps on the head [...] eyes were two red balls." The creature (later termed the "ET de Varginha") seemed to be wobbly or unsteady, and the girls assumed it was injured or sick. They said that they fled and told their mother that they had seen the "[[devil]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ebc.com.br/noticias/2016/01/et-de-varginha-ainda-instiga-imaginario-brasileiro-20-anos-depois|title=ET de Varginha ainda instiga imaginário brasileiro 20 anos depois|date=19 January 2016}} [https://memoria-ebc-com-br.translate.goog/noticias/2016/01/et-de-varginha-ainda-instiga-imaginario-brasileiro-20-anos-depois?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wapp English translation]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB835915673862027500|title=Tale of Stinky Extraterrestrials Stirs Up UFO Crowd in Brazil|first=Matt|last=Moffett|date=28 June 1996|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref><ref name="g1">{{cite web|url=http://g1.globo.com/mg/sul-de-minas/noticia/2016/01/et-de-varginha-caso-completa-20-anos-com-misterios-e-incertezas.html|title=ET de Varginha: caso completa 20 anos com mistérios e incertezas|date=20 January 2016}} [https://g1-globo-com.translate.goog/mg/sul-de-minas/noticia/2016/01/et-de-varginha-caso-completa-20-anos-com-misterios-e-incertezas.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wapp English translation]</ref>

Rumors afterward began to spread through the area, with some people claiming to have observed UFOs in the days prior. Later, claims were made of additional unidentified creatures/extraterrestrials being collected and observed at a hospital, military/police/government trucks and personnel being active in the area, an unidentified animal "prowling" a local forest, the death of a police officer, and unexplained animal deaths occurring in the local zoo.<ref name="g1" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/as-pegadas-do-et-de-varginha-em-20-anos-18501742|title=As pegadas do ET de Varginha em 20 anos|date=19 January 2016}} [https://oglobo-globo-com.translate.goog/brasil/as-pegadas-do-et-de-varginha-em-20-anos-18501742?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wapp English translation] (registration required)</ref> Ufologists would later allege links between these and other claims,<ref>{{cite book|last=Leir|first=Roger K.|title=UFO Crash in Brazil: A Genuine UFO Crash with Surviving ETs: A Thorough Investigation|publisher=Book Tree|year=2005|isbn=9781585091058}}</ref> including the claim that one of the initial creature witnesses was impregnated by the creature.<ref name="g1" />

==Inquiry==
An official inquiry led by the Brazilian military concluded in 2010 that the young women had encountered a homeless, mentally unstable man nicknamed "Mudinho." The Commander of 24th Police Battalion Military "presented photographs (...) a citizen known as Mudinho, who probably has some mental disability and whose physical characteristics matched the description (...) make it likely that the hypothesis that this citizen, probably being dirty, due to the heavy rains and seen crouching by a wall, was mistaken by the three terrified girls as a space creature." The head of the official inquiry also reported that the military trucks and personnel were performing routine duties on the night they were observed, stating, "the presence of the Firefighters in Jardim Andere, the parking of Army trucks in the vicinity of the concessionaire where their periodic maintenance would be carried out ... and the departure of EsSA vehicles ... were real facts ... incorrectly interpreted as Firefighters and the Military participating in the capture and later the transport of the alleged creature to [[Campinas]]."<ref name="istoe.com.br">{{cite web|last1=Cardoso|first1=Rodrigo|title=A história oficial do ET de Varginha (in Portuguese)|url=https://istoe.com.br/105958_A+HISTORIA+OFICIAL+DO+ET+DE+VARGINHA/|access-date=9 November 2017|website=[[ISTOÉ]]}} [https://istoe-com-br.translate.goog/105958_A+HISTORIA+OFICIAL+DO+ET+DE+VARGINHA/?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wapp English translation]</ref>

Skeptic [[Brian Dunning (author)|Brian Dunning]] criticized sensational media accounts and ufologists' claims. According to Dunning, "It is the most compelling example of a case where literally nothing at all happened that was remotely unusual, and was magnified into a case considered unassailable proof of alien visitation by many. To those believers, I would suggest recalibrating where you set the bar for quality of evidence."<ref name="Dunning">{{cite web |last1=Dunning |first1=Brian|authorlink=Brian Dunning (author) |title=Brazil's Roswell: The Varginha UFO |url=https://skeptoid.com/episodes/4853 |website=Skeptoid |publisher=Skeptoid |access-date=3 February 2023}}</ref>

==Notoriety==
These claims have markedly affected tourism to the city of Varginha. [[Grey alien]] dolls with football uniforms are sold at the location of the incident. Grey alien designs were used in advertising campaigns for the municipality. Bus stops were built in the form of spaceships and a 20 [[meter|metres]] tall [[water tower]] with a disc-shaped water reservoir was erected in the town center called the [[Nave Espacial de Varginha]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.diariodocomercio.com.br/noticia.php?id=130090|title=Varginha traça planos para atrair turistas|access-date=25 March 2017|author=Daniela Maciel|date=8 February 2014|work=Diario do Comercio|language=pt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326225639/http://www.diariodocomercio.com.br/noticia.php?id=130090 |archive-date=March 26, 2017}}</ref>

==Media==
* ''1996'', a 2020 short film by director Rodrigo Brandão, revisits the event in a horror story made along the lines of a documentary (in the style of ''[[The Blair Witch Project]]''). The story involves two teenagers going to the city of Varginha on 20 January 1996, who get lost in the woods at night and are found by an extraterrestrial.<ref>{{cite web|title=23ª Mostra de Cinema de Tiradentes|url=http://mostratiradentes.com.br/programacao/filme/3494|work=mostratiradentes.com.br|access-date=2020-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127175941/http://mostratiradentes.com.br/programacao/filme/3494|archive-date=January 27, 2020}}</ref>
* ''[[Incidente em Varginha]]'', a video game inspired by these events.
* ''Moment of Contact'', a 2022 documentary film by director [[James Fox (filmmaker)|James Fox]].<ref name="Gizmodo">{{cite web |last1=Eddy |first1=Cheryl |title=UFO Documentary Moment of Contact Investigates a Real-Life X-File |url=https://www.gizmodo.com.au/2022/08/ufo-documentary-moment-of-contact-investigates-a-real-life-x-file/amp/ |website=Gizmodo.au |publisher=[[Gizmodo]] |access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="Screenrant">{{cite web |last1=Hullender |first1=Tatiana |title=Moment Of Contact Documentary Investigates A UFO In Brazil |url=https://screenrant.com/moment-of-contact-documentary-ufo-brazil-exclusive/ |website=Screenrant.com |publisher=[[Screen Rant]] |access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref>
* ''O.V.N.I L'affaire Varginha'', a comic book in French by author Philippe Auger.<ref name="Bédéthèque">{{cite web |last1=D. |first1=Lemétayer|title=O.V.N.I L'affaire Varginha'|url=https://www.bedetheque.com/serie-21753-BD-OVNI-L-affaire-Varginha.html |website=bedetheque.com |publisher=[[BDGest]] |access-date=4 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="Amazon">{{cite web|title=O.V.N.I L'affaire Varginha'| url=https://www.amazon.fr/Ovni-Laffaire-Varginha-Philippe-Auger/dp/2359100149 |website=amazon.fr|access-date=4 May 2023}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[UFO sightings in Brazil]]
* [[1986 Brazilian UFO incident]]
* [[Operação Prato]]

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060622230558/http://www.maisvarginha.com.br/vga_et.asp Caso ET de Varginha (Mais Varginha)]  {{in lang|pt}}
* ''Revista UFO'' (''UFO Magazine''), Special Issue #13, July 1996, published by CBPDV ([http://www.ufo.com.br/cbpdv/inicial.htm Centro Brasileiro para Pesquisa de Discos Voadores - Brazilian Center for Flying Saucer Research]), Editor [[Ademar José Gevaerd]] {{in lang|pt}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20041205052918/http://www.kajen.com/~rasken/varginha.html English translation]
* ''Revista UFO'' (''UFO Magazine''), [https://web.archive.org/web/20050816112241/http://www.casovarginha.com.br/ Web Site Varginha Incident] {{in lang|pt}}

{{UFOs}}

[[Category:1996 in Brazil]]
[[Category:Alleged extraterrestrial encounters]]
[[Category:Collective UFO sightings]]
[[Category:Conspiracy theories in Brazil]]
[[Category:January 1996 events in South America]]
[[Category:History of Minas Gerais]]
[[Category:Mass psychogenic illness]]
[[Category:Military UFO conspiracy theories]]
[[Category:UFO sightings in Brazil]]