Editing Fred Crisman

{{Short description|American pilot (1919–1975)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2022}}
[[File:House Select Committee on Assassinations - JFK exhibit F-174 Tramp C and Crisman.png|thumb|In an exhibit of the Committee on Assassinations, one of the [[three tramps]] photographed near Dealey Plaza on the day of the John F. Kennedy  assassination is compared to Fred Crisman (bottom)]]
'''Fred Lee Crisman''' (July 22, 1919 –  December 10, 1975) was a fighter pilot and later educator from [[Tacoma, Washington]] known for claims of [[paranormal]] events and ties to 20th century [[Conspiracy theory|conspiracies]].

In 1946, Crisman claimed to have battled with non-humans in caves during the Second World War. The following year, he attempted to convince two early flying saucer witnesses that lava rocks were in fact debris dropped from a flying saucer.  In 1968, Crisman was subpoenaed by a New Orleans grand jury in the prosecution of a local man for the assassination of President John F. Kennedy—a prosecution that would later be dramatized in the 1991 Oliver Stone film [[JFK (film)|JFK]].

Conspiracy authors consider Crisman "a nexus point for a number of conspiracies and cover-ups from the late 1940s until [his] death in 1975".<ref name="Gulyas" />

==Early life==
Crisman was born on July 22, 1919, the only child of Fred M. Crisman and wife Eva (born Eva Pitchers, died Eva White, 1971).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/725340909/|title=The Tacoma Daily Ledger 15 Aug 1919, page 10|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735269590/|title=The News Tribune 24 Jan 1971, page 49|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref><!-- Eva married M.Sgt Wilbur D. White --> <!--   In 1930 Fred [M.] Crisman of Tacoma was sentenced to 20 days in jail for possession of liquor <ref>https://www.newspapers.com/image/725557866/ {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>-->  In 1933, he and his family moved to Vale, Oregon;   His father ran a hotel there.

In 1939, Crisman graduated from Vale Union High School.<ref name="LeF"/>
After attending Eastern Oregon College during 1939–40, Crisman left, working as a brakeman for the Union Pacific Railroad.<ref name="LeF"/><!-- In 1941,  a Fred Crisman was sued by George W. Jackson Jr;  M.H. Anderson was named as co-defendent.  Plaintiff sought $300.  https://www.newspapers.com/image/136640016/  In 1942, a Fred Crisman was named in an appellant case against j c cobin and s.l. eddy https://www.newspapers.com/image/80442490/-->

==Military career==
{{expand section|date=March 2023}}
On May 26, 1942, Crisman enlisted in the Army, entering the service with the rank of second lieutenant.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.maryferrell.org/showDoc.html?docId=149142#relPageId=6|title=showDoc2.html|website=www.maryferrell.org}}</ref>  In 1943, Crisman was listed an aviation cadet undergoing training at Lancaster, California.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/25084820/la-grande-observer/ | title=Clipped from la Grande Observer | newspaper=La Grande Observer | date=July 3, 1943 | page=3 }}</ref>  He was awarded the Air Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross. Crisman left the Army as a First Lieutenant on February 19, 1946.<ref name="LeF"/><ref name="auto1"/>

==Veterans advocate==
In April 1946, Crisman served as representative of the Washington state bureau of  veterans' affairs when he called for safety inspections of some used cars.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733808527|title=The News Tribune 24 Apr 1946, page 18|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref> That month, Crisman filed to run for coroner.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733809340/|title=The News Tribune 30 Apr 1946, page 13|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733798151|title=The News Tribune 28 Nov 1946, page 14|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  In May, Crisman addressed the Tacoma Real Estate board in the Hotel Winthrop about veterans' real estate problems.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733789216|title=The News Tribune 22 May 1946, page 3|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  In August 1946, Crisman, then described as the head of the state department of veterans' affairs, addressed the Seattle American Veterans chapter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733805794/|title=The News Tribune 01 Aug 1946, page 7|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  Later that month, he addressed the Lions Club.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733810900/|title=The News Tribune 29 Aug 1946, page 7|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733810988/|title=The News Tribune 31 Aug 1946, page 5|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref> On November 5, Crisman lent his name to an ad endorsing [[Hugh J. Rosellini]] for prosecutor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733796770|title=The News Tribune 05 Nov 1946, page 15|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  In November 1946,  Crisman, then described as a special investigator for the bureau, gave a speech about mental illness in returning servicemen to the Kiwanis club at the Hotel Winthrop.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733796888/|title=The News Tribune 07 Nov 1946, page 6|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref> In December 1946, Crisman was elected to represent Washington members of veterans organization [[AMVETS]] at an upcoming session.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/733783510/|title=The News Tribune 20 Dec 1946, page 30|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

==Relationship with Ray Palmer and ''Amazing Stories''==
[[File:Amazing Stories June 1946.png|right|thumb|Crisman's claims of firsthand knowledge of the Shaver Mystery were published in June 1946.]] 
In 1946–47, pulp magazine ''[[Amazing Stories]]'' was an outlet for fantasy, science-fiction, and fringe claims.  The May 1946 issue, for example, included purportedly-true fringe adventures by [[Richard Sharpe Shaver]], the fiction of Dorothy & John de Courcy written in the style of Shaver, a defense of the religions of Tibet by [[Millen Cooke]], the fiction of [[Robert Moore Williams]], an allegedly-true eyewitness account of unidentified objects in the skies by [[Dirk Wylie]], and other genre-blurring texts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/Amazing_Stories_v20n02_1946-05.Ziff-Daviscape1736|title=Amazing Stories v20n02 (1946 05.Ziff Davis)(cape1736)|date=May 21, 1946|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Saler |first=Michael |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/the-man-from-mars-ray-palmers-amazing-pulp-journey-by-fred-nadis/2013/08/12/3dd9611a-fdea-11e2-bd97-676ec24f1f3f_story.html |title='The Man From Mars: Ray Palmer's Amazing Pulp Journey,' by Fred Nadis |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=August 12, 2013 |access-date=June 5, 2022}}</ref>

===Promotion of the Shaver mystery===
In June 1946, ''Amazing Stories'' published a pseudonymous letter by Crisman in which he claimed to have battled "mysterious and evil" underground creatures to free himself from a cave in [[Myanmar|Burma]] during [[World War II]].<ref name="Gulyas">{{cite book |last1=Gulyas |first1=Aaron John |year=2015 |chapter=Paranoid and Paranormal Precursors from the 1960s to the 1990s |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=81LpCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA30 |title=The Paranormal and the Paranoid: Conspiratorial Science Fiction Television |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=81LpCQAAQBAJ |location=Lanham, Maryland |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |pages=30–31 |isbn=9781442251144 |access-date=August 7, 2015 |archive-date=July 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727011253/https://books.google.com/books?id=81LpCQAAQBAJ |url-status=live}}</ref>
Wrote Crisman:
<blockquote>I flew my last combat mission on May 26 [1945] when I was shot up over Bassein and ditched my ship in Ramaree Roads off Chedubs Island. I was missing five days. I requested leave at Kashmere. I and Capt. (deleted by request) left Srinagar and went to Rudok then through the Khesa pass to the northern foothills of the Kabakoram. We found what we were looking for. We knew what we were searching for.
For heaven's sake, drop the whole thing! You are playing with dynamite. My companion and I fought our way out of a cave with submachine guns. I have two 9" scars on my left arm that came from wounds given me in the cave when I was 50 feet from a moving object of any kind and in perfect silence. The muscles were nearly ripped out. How? I don't know. My friend has a hole the size of a dime in his right bicep. It was seared inside. How we don't know. But we both believe we know more about the Shaver Mystery than any other pair.
You can imagine my fright when I picked up my first copy of Amazing Stories and see you splashing words about the subject.
Do not print our names, we are not cowards, but we are not crazy.<ref name="LeF">LeFevre & Lipson</ref></blockquote>
The letter was quoted in the September 1946 issue of Harper's Magazine as an example of a crackpot letter. In May 1947, ''Amazing Stories'' published a second Crisman letter, this time identifying him by name.  In this letter, Crisman claimed to have traveled to Alaska with his friend Dick, who was killed there.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/Amazing_Stories_v21n05_1947-05_cape1736|title=Amazing Stories v21n05 (1947 05) (cape1736)|date=May 21, 1947|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref name="LeF"/>

===Role in Maury Island incident===
In 1947, Crisman was involved with Harold Dahl in the [[Maury Island incident]], an early [[Unidentified flying object|UFO]] incident widely considered to be a hoax, even within Ufology.<ref name="csi_creators">{{cite web |last=Nickell |first=Joe|author-link=Joe Nickell |title=Creators of the Paranormal |url=https://skepticalinquirer.org/2016/10/creators-of-the-paranormal/ |website=The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry |date=October 26, 2016 |publisher=Center for Inquiry|access-date=March 15, 2018|archive-date=May 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516221606/https://skepticalinquirer.org/2016/10/creators-of-the-paranormal/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Harrison2007">{{cite book |last=Harrison |first=Albert A. |author-link=Albert Harrison (psychologist) |year=2007 |title=Starstruck: Cosmic Visions in Science, Religion, and Folklore |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-84545-286-5 |pages=123– |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ORNcQUBAEjUC&pg=PA123 |access-date=October 2, 2013 |archive-date=October 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012231551/http://books.google.com/books?id=ORNcQUBAEjUC&pg=PA123 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dahl believed the 1960s TV series, ''[[The Invaders]]'' was based on Crisman's life.<ref name="Gulyas" />

In the January 1950 issue of Fate Magazine,   Crisman insisted the incident was not a hoax. Wrote Crisman: "Why, if we were such blackguards and deliberately caused the deaths of two Air Force Pilots and the loss of a $150,000 airplane did not the government or some agency there attempt to seek justice through the courts of the state and federal government".<ref name="LeF"/>

On July 22, 1967, Crisman spoke at a UFO convention in Seattle about the Maury Island incident.<ref name="LeF"/>

==University student==
In Fall 1947,  Crisman participated in college community theater in La Grande.<ref>La Grande Observer (La Grande, Oregon) October 30, 1947</ref>  In April 1949, Crisman was listed as acting public relations officer of Oregon's first chapter of [[AMVETS]].<ref>Statesman Journal (Salem, Oregon) April 24, 1949, p. 9</ref>  In summer 1949, Crisman gave talk on "The Far East" to a Kiwanis Club.<ref>Statesman Journal (Salem, Oregon) July 31, 1949, p.5</ref>
In February 1950, a letter by Crisman was entered into the congressional record. Wrote Crisman: "China has fallen to the Reds [...] Indo-china is on the verge and will go soon."  Crisman continued "It makes me mad to see it all go, while people I thought were in the 'know' grovel and back up before a gang of international brigands whose only difference from the Nazis is the cut of their uniforms.  I no longer think the people guiding our state department know just what they are doing...".<ref>Statesman Journal (Salem, Oregon) February 25, 1950, p. 4</ref>

In September 1950,  Crisman was a [[Willamette University]] student.<ref>Statesman Journal (Salem, Oregon) September 26, 1950, Tue</ref>  In October 1950, he wrote a letter to the editor complaining about the inability of local barbers to give a military trim.<ref>The Capital Journal (Salem, Oregon)
Oct 25, 1950, Wed Page 4</ref>  In 1951, while studying at Willamette University, Crisman received a teaching assignment at Salem High.<ref>The Capital Journal (Salem, Oregon) February 24, 1951, p. 2</ref>   On June 10 1951,   Crisman was awarded a Bachelor's of Arts.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/GarrisonPapers/Crisman%2C%20Fred%20Lee/page/n14/ | title=Garrison Papers }}</ref>{{better source needed|date=April 2023}}

==Return to the military==
{{expand section|date=April 2023}}
Amid the [[Korean War]], in April 1951, it was reported that Crisman had been ordered to active duty.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12317923/the-capital-journal/ | title=Clipped from the Capital Journal | newspaper=The Capital Journal | date=April 4, 1951 | page=2 }}</ref>  That conflict ended in July 1953.

==Teaching career==
In 1953, he returned to teaching in Elgin, Oregon.<ref name="LeF"/>  He worked as a teacher and administrator in high schools in Washington and Oregon.<ref name="LeF"/>

In December 1953, Crisman served as director of the high school drama club.<ref>La Grande Observer (La Grande, Oregon) December 12, 1953, p. 5</ref> In 1955, Crisman accepted a job as superintendent at Huntington.<ref>La Grande Observer (La Grande, Oregon) August 22, 1955, p. 7</ref>  
On April 15, 1957,  Crisman was charged with drunken disorderly, resisting arrest, and pulling a firearm on the arresting officer;  He was fined $100.

In 1958,  Crisman was cited in connection with a local tradition of a fictional high school student at [[White River High School (Washington)|White River High]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/734331261|title=The News Tribune 06 Jun 1958, page 15|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  Also in 1958, Crisman took a course at Pacific Lutheran University.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/734905343/|title=The News Tribune 01 Nov 1968, page 47|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref> In 1959, Crisman organized a fundraising project that sold booklets about the varsity basketball team.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/734261978|title=The News Tribune 01 Feb 1959, page 30|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  In 1960, Crisman's civics class authored a letter to the editor on the [[Caryl Chessman]] death penalty case, arguing "Has the time come when the United States takes orders from other countries?  The Chessman case is a problem which is testing the judicial stability of the United States.   The exterior infiltration on the United States and the exterior infiltration of the State of California should not force our government to bow down to the opinions of other nations and countries."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/734456244/|title=The News Tribune 28 Feb 1960, page 77|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  Crisman resigned from White River High in June 1960.<ref name="auto"/>

By 1962, Crisman was attached to Rainer High School.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/575689612/|title=Longview Daily News 28 Sep 1962, page 9|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  In 1964, Crisman began teaching in the Turner school district, and it was reported his book on "Industrial Recruiting" had been accepted for publication.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/197148838/ |title=23 Sep 1964, p. 15 – Statesman Journal at Newspapers.com |access-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109070031/https://www.newspapers.com/image/197148838/ |url-status=live}}</ref>  In April 1965, his post was listed as journalism teacher.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/198475276 |title=29 Apr 1965, p. 28 –Statesman Journal at Newspapers.com |access-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-date=September 28, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928212844/https://www.newspapers.com/image/198475276 |url-status=live}}</ref> On February 21, 1966, Crisman was suspended and later dismissed from his teaching position at Cascade High on a charge of insubordination and "creating a secret society".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/316055464/ |title=11 Mar 1966, 1 – The Capital Journal at Newspapers.com |access-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109235829/https://www.newspapers.com/image/316055464/ |url-status=live}}</ref>  The board added that "the organization is of such a nature that should not be condoned or authorized to exist in this district."<ref>Statesman Journal (Salem, Oregon) March 11, 1966, p. 2</ref>  <!-- A letter defending Crisman was published claiming he was fired for insubordination after suggesting to the superintendent should accept the resignation of Cascade Union principle Ralph McKenzie. <ref>https://www.newspapers.com/image/316287262/ {{Bare URL inline|date=September 2022}}</ref> -->  District officials said the society had been limited to five students, and officials declined to disclose the nature of the organization.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/316055464 |title=11 Mar 1966, 1 – The Capital Journal at Newspapers.com |access-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109235829/https://www.newspapers.com/image/316055464/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Business and politics==
In 1966, an FBI informant claimed that Crisman had transported $100,000 in cash to California, was doing business as a psychologist, and was suspected of operating a diploma mill.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/files/research/jfk/releases/docid-32287108.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927045116/https://www.archives.gov/files/research/jfk/releases/docid-32287108.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Archived copy|archive-date=September 27, 2021}}</ref>  In July 1966, Fate Magazine ran an ad for the "Western Division of the Parapsychological Society" inviting new members to join by contacting "F. Lee Crisman, PhD".<!--$3 to 928 N. Grant St --><ref>Fate, July 1966</ref><ref>Beckham testimony</ref> In November 1966, Crisman founded The Professional Research Bureau, with T. Edward Beckham and Searoba Bates, seeking "to conduct research and consultation within the fields of peology research and industrial psychology, public relations and criminology".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/802686043/|title=The Olympian 06 Nov 1966, page 18|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

==Role in the Clay Shaw trial==
On  March 1, 1967,  New Orleans businessman [[Clay Shaw]] was arrested for conspiring to assassinate John Kennedy.  According to controversial district attorney [[Jim Garrison]], the first person Shaw called after being charged was Fred Crisman.<ref>Mellen, 2005, pg. 239</ref><ref>https://history-matters.com/archive/jfk/garr/grandjury/pdf/Beckham.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2024}}</ref>
On October 31, 1968,  a grand jury in New Orleans issued a subpoena for Fred Lee Crisman in connection with the investigation into the [[John F. Kennedy assassination]].  District attorney Jim Garrison issued a press release, writing:
<blockquote>Mr. Crisman has been engaged in undercover activity for a part of the industrial warfare complex for years. His cover is that of a "preacher" and a person "engaged in work to help gypsies."

Our information indicates that since the early 1960s he has made many trips to the New Orleans and Dallas areas in connection with his undercover work for that part of the warfare industry engaged in the manufacture of what is termed, in military language, a "hardware"—meaning those weapons sold to the U.S. government which are uniquely large and expensive.
Mr. Crisman is a "former" employee of the Boeing Aircraft Company in the sense that one defendant in the case is a "former" employee of Lockheed Aircraft Company in Los Angeles. In intelligence terminology this ordinarily means that the connection still exists but that the "former employee" has moved into an underground operation.  More often than not a "bad record" or evidence indicating that he has been "fired" is prepared for the parent company to increase the disassociation between the two.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jfk.hood.edu/Collection/Weisberg%20Subject%20Index%20Files/C%20Disk/Crisman%20Fred%20Lee/Item%2001.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507121934/http://jfk.hood.edu/Collection/Weisberg%20Subject%20Index%20Files/C%20Disk/Crisman%20Fred%20Lee/Item%2001.pdf|url-status=dead|title=JFK Collection|archive-date=May 7, 2021}}</ref><ref>The World (Coos Bay, Oregon) 01 Nov 1968, p. 20</ref></blockquote>
That same day, Crisman was arrested by Tacoma police for reckless driving.<ref name="newspapers1"/>

On November 21, 1968, Crisman was deposed in the case against [[Clay Shaw]].<ref name="Gulyas"/><ref>[https://www.aarclibrary.org/publib/jfk/garr/grandjury/pdf/Crisman.pdf Special Investigation. Orleans Parish Grand Jury] November 21, 1968. Retrieved December 29, 2022</ref>  
By January 9, 1969, Kennedy assassination conspiracy theorist [[Richard E. Sprague]] was privately accusing Crisman of being one of the [[three tramps]].<ref>Sprague letter to Fred Newcomb, Jan 6 1969 [https://www.onthetrailofdelusion.com/post/was-fred-crisman-one-of-jfk-s-assassins archived here]</ref>

==Broadcasting and politics==
Starting on August 1, 1968, Crisman hosted a [[talk radio|radio talk show]] under the pseudonym "Jon Gold" on station [[KSUH|KAYE]].<ref name="KT"/>  Crismann authored a pamphlet, under his radio name Jon Gold, titled "What to do until Sanity Returns" which he advertised on his show.  The work denounced [[sensitivity training]] as "Communist-oriented" brainwashing.  Crisman's pamphlet called for widespread infiltration and disruption of civic organizations like Parent-Teacher Associations.<ref name="newspapers1">{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/734905343/ |title=The News Tribune 01 Nov 1968, page 47 |publisher=Newspapers.com |date=1968-11-01 |access-date=2022-12-29|df=mdy-all}}</ref>  Wrote Crisman:
:"You must take a page from the Communist Manifesto... You must learn to halt the elections at P-TA units.  Do not stop with school organizations, infiltrate each garden club, suborn its social policy and convert it to an [[agit-prop]] group."

In January 1969, Crisman was sued for libel along with other KAYE personalities by a city official who had been accused of being a communist;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735044347/|title=The News Tribune 30 Jan 1969, page 1|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The case was dismissed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735269324/|title=The News Tribune 04 Feb 1970, page 50|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

Crisman authored a book, ''The Murder of a City, Tacoma'' published in 1970 through Transistor Publishing Company. The book was described by reviewer Michael Sullivan as a "weird, politically slanted rant" that manages to "tie corruption in Tacoma to everything from communist infiltrators to the Kennedy assassination".<ref name=Sullivan>{{cite web |last1=Sullivan |first1=Michael |title=On a Small Tacoma Bookshelf |url=http://www.historictacoma.org/ht/files/websitetacoma_bookshelf.doc |website=HistoricTacoma.org |publisher=Historic Tacoma|access-date=August 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924030408/http://www.historictacoma.org/ht/files/websitetacoma_bookshelf.doc|archive-date=September 24, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In November 1970, KAYE was the subject of hearings by the FCC amid complaints that the station violated the Fairness Doctrine. Crisman's behavior was the subject of extensive discussion, with one witness arguing his playing of "Nazi war songs" had jeopardized the station's licence.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735276228/|title=The News Tribune 28 Nov 1970, page 23|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735271594|title=The News Tribune 25 Nov 1970, page 2|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  Citizens opposed to KAYE discussed the stations promotion of the [[Protocols of the Elders of Zion|antisemitic conspiracy theories]] and presented transcripts of Crisman making anti-black comments.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735290283|title=The News Tribune 11 Dec 1970, page 3|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref><!-- Crisman May 28, 1969:  "I get a big kick out of this, you're big-shot independents, you blacks.  But when a wise guy like Dave Rowlands can twist you around and make you go down any street he wants you to go, boy, you sure got brains..  Go ahead, black man, pick up your spear, pick up your guns, pick up your Swahili clothes, and then say to your master Mr. Rowlands: 'Which way we go boss' and he'll point the trail out for you" https://www.newspapers.com/image/735290283--> One listener reported that "she heard a KAYE broadcast of the Jon Gold Show in which reference was made by a caller to getting rid of Rowlands in the manner which President John Kennedy and his brother were disposed of".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735289622/|title=The News Tribune 08 Dec 1970, page 37|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  Crisman resigned from KAYE.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735288085/|title=The News Tribune 02 Dec 1970, page 67|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  Two subpoenas were issued for Crisman to appear before the hearings, but he disappeared and could not be located.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735288373/|title=The News Tribune 04 Dec 1970, page 2|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

In 1970, Crisman was appointed to the Library Board, despite objections about his false claims of having held a doctorate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735139235|title=The News Tribune 07 Jan 1970, page 4|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  Crisman was elected Vice-President of the Tacoma library board.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735269681/ |title=23 Mar 1972, 11 – The News Tribune at Newspapers.com |access-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-date=January 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111091727/https://www.newspapers.com/image/735269681/ |url-status=live}}</ref>  Crisman was named as a possible investor in Tacoma cable television.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735137375|title=The News Tribune 18 Feb 1970, page 1|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Local news discussed whether a gun had been allowed inside KAYE.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/874296127/|title=Kitsap Sun 02 Apr 1970, page 2|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

==Final years==
Beginning in 1970, a photocopied document called the "Torbitt Document" or "Nomenclature of an Assassination" circulated among Kennedy assassination buffs claimed that Crisman was one of the "[[three tramps]]" allegedly employed by a secret government agency.<ref name="Knight2003">{{cite book |author=Peter Knight |title=Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qMIDrggs8TsC&pg=PA690 |date=2003 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-57607-812-9 |pages=690–|access-date=November 2, 2016|archive-date=April 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426072526/https://books.google.com/books?id=qMIDrggs8TsC&pg=PA690|url-status=live}}</ref>  The document incorrectly names him "Chrismon" and falsely claims he was a Syrian immigrant.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/nsia-NomenclatureoftheAssassinationCabal-TorbittDocument/nsia-NomenclatureoftheAssassinationCabal-TorbittDocument/Nomenclature%20Torbitt%20Doc%2001/page/n27 | title=Nomenclature of the Assassination Cabal-Torbitt Document | publisher=The Weisberg Archive, Beneficial-Hodson Library, Hood College }}</ref>

In 1971, Crisman ran unsuccessfully for a seat on the civil service board.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735155470/|title=The News Tribune 19 Sep 1971, page 2|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735155686/|title=The News Tribune 22 Sep 1971, page 14|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  In 1973, Crisman resigned from the Tacoma Library Board of Directors.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735496626/ |title=7 Oct 1973, 2 – The News Tribune at Newspapers.com |access-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-date=January 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109122437/https://www.newspapers.com/image/735496626/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
Crisman unsuccessfully ran for a seat on the Tacoma city council.In September 1974, Crisman was hospitalized for kidney failure. On April 12, 1975,  Crisman married Mary Frances Borden.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735596867|title=The News Tribune 13 Apr 1975, page 49|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

In April 1975,  True Magazine published a photo of Crisman, speculating he was one of the "three hobos" of JFK conspiracy lore.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735581027 |title=22 May 1975, 9 – The News Tribune at Newspapers.com |access-date=December 6, 2021 |archive-date=December 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206092509/http://www.newspapers.com/image/735581027/ |url-status=live}}</ref>  The November 1975 issue of [[Crawdaddy (magazine)|Crawdaddy Magazine]] repeated this claim and further claimed, without evidence, that "Olympia police suspected [Crisman] of narcotics activity in connection with a group called "Servants of Awareness".<ref>Crawdaddy, Nov 1975 p. 56, [http://historiadiscordia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/197511-magazine-crawdaddy-article-fred_crisman.jpg archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109105404/http://historiadiscordia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/197511-magazine-crawdaddy-article-fred_crisman.jpg |date=January 9, 2022 }}</ref>

Fred Crisman died on December 10, 1975.<ref name="KT">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KR1HGcLLeTQC |title=JFK and UFO: Military-Industrial Conspiracy and Cover-Up from Maury Island to Dallas |isbn=9781936239061 |last1=Thomas |first1=Kenn |date=2011|publisher=Feral House |access-date = May 5, 2021|archive-date = May 5, 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210505025504/https://books.google.com/books?id=KR1HGcLLeTQC|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/735592404|title=The News Tribune 11 Dec 1975, page 49|website=Newspapers.com}}</ref> At his death, it was noted that Crisman was a graduate of Willamette University with degrees in political science, history, and education and psychology.<ref name="LeF"/>

==Legacy==
From 1976 to 1985,  conspiracy author [[Richard E. Sprague]]'s fringe book ''The Taking of America 1-2-3'' named Crisman as a grassy knoll shooter.<ref>{{cite book | last=Sprague | first=R.E. | title=The Taking of America, 1-2-3 | publisher=Richard Sprague | year=1976 | url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=03a67c4d40918fc7e30425e994c819c4190900cb|via=psu.edu | page=}}</ref>

In 1977, controversial district attorney Jim Garrison claimed that Crisman was one of the "Three Tramps" arrested by Dallas police as well as being a Bishop of the Universal Life Church. Garrison theorized:
<blockquote> "I suggest the only reasonable conclusion is that he [Crisman] was (and probably is, if still around), an operative at a deep cover level in a long-range, clandestine, intelligence mission directly (in terms of our national intelligence paranoia) related to maintaining national security... Crisman emerges as an operative at a supervisory level ... acquired by the apparatus to carry out the menial jobs that are needed to push a current mission forward, a middle man—in the final analysis—between the mechanics who eliminate, and the handy men, who otherwise support a termination mission, on one hand, and the distant, far removed, deep submerged command level on the other."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.onthetrailofdelusion.com/post/jim-garrison-s-memo-to-the-hsca-regarding-fred-crisman-and-thomas-beckham-part-one |title=Jim Garrison's Memo to the HSCA regarding Fred Crisman and Thomas Beckham, part one |date=13 January 2021|access-date = 4 May 2021|archive-date = 4 May 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210504233551/https://www.onthetrailofdelusion.com/post/jim-garrison-s-memo-to-the-hsca-regarding-fred-crisman-and-thomas-beckham-part-one|url-status = live}}</ref></blockquote>

In 1979, the [[House Select Committee on Assassinations]] reported that forensic anthropologists had analyzed and compared the photographs of the "[[three tramps]]" with those of Crisman, as well as with photographs of [[Watergate scandal|Watergate]] figures [[E. Howard Hunt]], [[Frank Sturgis]], and two other men.<ref name="HCSA-IB">{{cite book |title=Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives |url=https://www.archives.gov/research/jfk/select-committee-report/ |year=1979 |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |location=Washington, D.C. |pages=91–92 |chapter=I.B. |chapter-url=https://www.archives.gov/research/jfk/select-committee-report/part-1b.html |ref={{harvid|Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives, Chapter I, Section B|1979}} |access-date=August 28, 2017 |archive-date=April 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403232215/https://www.archives.gov/research/jfk/select-committee-report |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the Committee, only Crisman resembled any of the tramps; but the same Committee determined that he was not in Dealey Plaza on the day of the assassination.<ref name="HCSA-IB"/>

A document called ''The Easy Papers'' was circulated for decades among conspiracy researchers;  The document, bearing the date September 13, 1969, purported to be a service record of Crisman's time as an OSS and later CIA agent.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A-RJFs5Nq5sC&pg=PA49 | title=Cyberculture Counterconspiracy: A Steamshovel Web Reader | isbn=9781585091256 | last1=Thomas | first1=Kenn | year=1999 | publisher=Book Tree }}</ref>

In 1997, influential conspiracy author [[Jim Marrs]]  cited the document as proof that Crisman had been a member of the [[Office of Strategic Services|OSS]] during World War 2; Marrs was criticized for relying on the untrustworthy document.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Marrs |first1=Jim |title=Alien Agenda |date=1997 |page=86 |publisher=HarperCollinsPublishers |isbn=9780060186425 |url=https://archive.org/details/alienagendainves00marr|quote=According to CIA files, Crisman too was a member of the OSS during World War II, serving as a liaison officer with the British Royal Air Force. At the end of the war, Crisman, supposedly discharged from the military, entered a special OSS Internal Security School and was quietly transferred to the newly formed CIA, where he operated as an "extended agent," primarily as an internal security specialist in "dis- ruption" activities. The files show Crisman was involved in a highly classified subsection of Internal Security known as lSece, Easy Sec- tion, a disruption planning unit whose very existence was denied by the CIA. The CIA documents detailed Crisman's activities over the years — including secret reports to the agency on military officers dur- ing the Korean War and company officials while working for Boeing in Seattle — but contained no mention of the Maury Island affair}}</ref>  In 1999,  conspiracy author [[Kenn Thomas]]'s book on the Maury Island incident carried the subtitle ''The Crisman Conspiracy''.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WUoEAAAACAAJ | title=Maury Island UFO: The Crisman Conspiracy | isbn=9781881532194 | last1=Thomas | first1=Kenn | year=1999 | publisher=IllumiNet Press }}</ref>  Conspiracy figure [[Michael Riconosciuto]] claims he knew Fred Crisman since Riconosciuto was a child.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BaSVMKVnE44C&pg=PA220 | title=The Octopus: Secret Government and the Death of Danny Casolaro | isbn=978-0-922915-91-0 | last1=Thomas | first1=Kenn | last2=Keith | first2=Jim | date=2004 | publisher=Feral House }}</ref>

===Animated comedy===
'''''Fred Crisman:  Cave of the Space Nazis''''' is a 2022 animated comedy film based on the tales of Fred Crisman<!--, a 20th-century eccentric who claimed to have fought inhuman monsters in subterranean caverns in the 1940s-->.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Edmiston |first1=Steve |title=When is a Hoax not a Hoax? |journal=Fate Magazine |date=May 21, 2022}}</ref>

[[File:Poster_for_Fred_Crisman_-_Cave_of_the_Space_Nazis_(2022).jpeg|thumb|right|Poster for the "Fred Crisman:  Cave of the Space Nazis']]
;Synopsis
The film begins with the disclaimer:  "The following events are ''apparently'' true, based on the many claims of Fred Lee Crisman.  Technically, we can't prove this didn't happen."

The first scene sees Fred Crisman broadcasting from Tacoma radio station [[KSUH|KAYE]].  Crisman tells listeners he was not involved with the [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|Kennedy assassination]], saying "I could never have performed such a stunt...", before slyly adding "alone".  Crisman claims he  has protected the Earth from aliens, saying to doubters "If you don't believe that I protected this world from egregious extraterrestrials, then I simply ask you:  Where are they?  I don't see any aliens here.  You're welcome!"

In flashback to 1946,  the film introduces [[Raymond A. Palmer|Raymond Palmer]], the editor of [[Amazing Stories|Unbelievable Tales Magazine]], as Crisman recounts an adventurous story of being shot down over the [[Bay of Bengal]] during the Second World War.  Making his way to [[Cheduba Island]], Crisman seeks shelter in a cave, where he discovers the dead bodies of soldiers.  Venturing further into the cave,  Crisman discovered the cave is inhabited by the Deros, evil monsters who believe themselves to be the true superior race of the Earth.   When Crisman witnesses the Deros torture a victim, he pulls out a pistol, firing it while screaming "Die, you Space Nazi Monsters!".

Crisman is wounded in the firefight, receiving a scar on his shoulder (Palmer notes that medical records indicate scar was present when Crisman first enlisted, but Crisman dismisses this as a Deros forgery).  Killing many of the enemy, Crisman escapes and lives to tell the tale.

;Cast
* Brock Baker as [[Richard Shaver]]
* [[Pat Cashman]] as Fred Crisman
* Gabriella Castro	as Radio Jingle Singer
* Alec Crisman as Radio Announcer
* Meghan Nigrelli as The Computer
* Hellbent as Dero Victim
* Bryan Shickley as [[Richard Sharpe Shaver#The Shaver Mystery|The Deros]]
* Nathaniel Williams as [[Raymond A. Palmer|Raymond Palmer]]

;Reception

Promotional material described the film emerging after "a group of talented folks asked the question 'Why hasn't Fred Crisman had a movie yet?'"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fredcrisman.com/|title=Fred Crisman ChroniclesRED |website=fredcrisman.com}}</ref>

The film premiered on August 4, 2022, at [[Gen Con]] Film Festival, where it garnered the award for Best Comedy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gencon.com/gen-con-indy/film-festival|title=Gen Con &#124; Gen Con Film Festival|website=www.gencon.com}}</ref><ref name="GenConWin"/>
Director Bryan Shickley told reporters: "I love the utter outrageousness that is Fred Lee Crisman, and no matter how you feel about his claims, you just can't come away from spending time with Crisman without forming strong feelings about him."<ref name="GenConWin">{{Cite web|url=https://b-townblog.com/local-film-fred-crisman-cave-of-the-space-nazis-wins-best-comedy-at-gen-con-film-festival/|title=Local film 'Fred Crisman: Cave of the Space Nazis!' wins Best Comedy at Gen Con Film Festival|first=Scott|last=Schaefer|date=August 10, 2022|website=The B-Town (Burien) Blog}}</ref>

The film was an official selection of the Brooklyn SciFi Film Festival.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://watch.brooklynscififilmfest.com/videos/fred-crisman-cave-of-the-space-nazis|title=Fred Crisman: Cave of the Space Nazis!|website=watch.brooklynscififilmfest.com|access-date=March 21, 2023|archive-date=March 20, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320040513/https://watch.brooklynscififilmfest.com/videos/fred-crisman-cave-of-the-space-nazis|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
* [https://archive.org/details/OrleansParishGrandJuryTestimonyOfF.LeeCrisman21Nov1968 Crisman's Grand Jury Testimony] in the Shaw JFK assassination case.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Crisman, Fred}}
[[Category:1919 births]]
[[Category:1975 deaths]]
[[Category:American conspiracy theorists]]
[[Category:Maury Island incident]]
[[Category:People associated with the assassination of John F. Kennedy]]
[[Category:Shaver Mystery]]
[[Category:Writers from Tacoma, Washington]]
[[Category:United States Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:20th-century American educators]]